A Separation, Part 2

Separation Part 2

Leyla: [00:00:00] Learn Persian with Chai and Conversation: A Separation with Yara Elmjouie. Salām, hello, welcome back everyone. We are here with Yara Elmjouie. Salām, Yara. 

Yara: Hello, nice to see you again for our second lesson. 

Leyla: Yeah, so we're now going through our second clip of the movie A Separation. We are going through the entire clip and learning the words and phrases from the clip. So if you haven't heard our previous lessons, go listen to those. These are kind of cumulative because the same words and the same concepts keep coming up over and over again. 

So if you haven't watched Clip One, this is now Clip Two. So we're gonna watch the entire clip together and then we're gonna come back and talk about it. So let's dive right into it. 

Nader: Khānoom, een sheeré okseezhenesh-ō  nabasté boodeenā seft.

Razieh: Sobh bastam, [00:01:00] hatman khoodeshoon bāz kardan. 

Nader: Yék kam seft-tar bebandeen az fardā lotfan ké... natooné bāz koné. 

Razieh: Bebakhsheed, man... deegé fardā-rā fekr nakonam betoonam beeyām. 

Nader: Gofteen ké, magé nagofteen meeyām har rooz...? 

Razieh: Man goftam har rooz meeyām valee rāham khayli dooré. Deegé nemeetoonam beeyām. 

Nader: Khānoom, man deerooz roo hesābé harfé shomā yekee-ro rad kardam raft. Man... Chāhāré ba'd az zohré! Man fardā chejooree yekee deegé-rō peydā konam...? 

Razieh: Bekhodā sangeené barām. Bekhodā sangeené. Nemeetoonam, vāgh'an nemeekesham. Sangeené, kāretoon zeeyādé khayli. 

Nader: Khob... lotf koneed tashreef beeyāreen hālā eenjā. 

Simin: Somayé, maghna't koo? 

Razieh: Beeyā eenjāst. 

Simin: Hālā shāyad roozé avaleté, khasté shodee. 

Razieh: Na... Shomā ké eenjā boodeen deegé, chand dagheeghé-rā deedeen ké... 

Simin: Somayé, beeyā keefet-o bardār. 

Razieh: Bebakhsheed, agé meeshé, oon shomāra-ram. 

Yara: So a lot to discuss in this one, yeah! 

Leyla: Yes, and, and Yara has a part that he's very excited about that actually, when we first started talking about this project, that was kind of our pinnacle of... I'm excited to get there too! 

So let's start from the very beginning. So like we did last time, we're going to go through just little pieces at a time. So let's [00:02:00] go to the beginning again and just listen to that first part. 

Nader: Khānoom, een sheeré okseezhenesh-ō nabasté boodeenā seft. 

Razieh: Sobh bastam, hatman khoodeshoon bāz kardan. 

Nader: Yék kam seft-tar bebandeen az fardā lotfan ké... natooné bāz koné. 

Razieh: Bebakhsheed... 

Yara: Great! So yeah, exactly, I think the beginning "Khānoom, een sheeré okseezhenesh-ō nabasté boodeenā seft." So I think basically, we could just translate that going forward here: 'Ma'am, this, the sheer, faucet, the sort of stream of oxygen, you didn't close it tight enough' is the meaning of that.

But what I want to kind of fixate on here is the, is how he says, "Sheeré okseenesh-ō-, okseezhenesh-ō nabasté boodeenā." So, -ā, he adds an -ā, and that's kind of for added sort of emphasis, kind of like a little bit of sass, a little bit of like, 'hey, you didn't, you know, you didn't close the oxygen, uh,' you know, like, 'y'know?' 

Leyla: Yeah, exactly! Yeah. 

Yara: So you can add that to anything, honestly. Like, [00:03:00] if you really want to kind of add a little bit of a sassy kind of, when you're expecting someone to have done something, they let you down, you know, or you just, you know, that you can add an -ā at the end of your verb. 

Leyla: Right, there's not a good way to translate it, but let's think of some examples like... "zood raftee-yā!" 

Yara: Oh, exactly. 

Leyla: Like, 'you left early, eh?' It's kind of like 'eh?'. 

Yara: Yeah, exactly. Perfect. Zood raftee-yā! Ghazāto na khordee-yā! You know, 'you didn't eat your food, uh!', like, added kind of like you really want to shame someone.

Leyla: Right, right. 

Yara: You know, for doing something, yeah. So that's like a fun thing. And then, of course, subsequent line is... and then she responds with "Sobh bastam, hatman khoodeshoon bā kardan." And she says, instead of "bāz kardan," she says "bā kardan." Another common colloquialism that you'll hear when people are speaking quickly. Yeah, you know, "dar-o bā," you know, "dar-o bā kon. Dar-o bāz kon, dar-o bākon," yeah. 

Leyla: "Yé kam seft-tar bebandeen [00:04:00] az fardā lotfan ké betoonam, ké betooné bāz koné."

Yara: Oh no, ké, cheez, you can say "fardā ké natooné bāz koné." 

Leyla: "Ké natooné bāz koné!" Oh, jeez! Yes. 

Yara: So yeah, basically, yeah. 'Close it a little bit tighter, you know, tomorrow, please,' lotfan, 'so he can't open it tomorrow.' 

Leyla: "Natooné bāz koné." So... this is one of those, like, jokes in Farsi, like, betooné and natooné is just a difference of a little dot, and natooné is 'can't'; betooné is 'can'. 

Yara: And another funny thing is, I've even heard, you know, like, the word bebeeneed. There are so many dots. I remember someone telling me that that's one of the more... one of the words in the Persian language that your brain can sometimes, might trip up over that, because it's like, the dots are just at the bottom: be-bee-een-nee-eed. It's... anyways. 

Leyla: Wow, yeah. 

Yara: Let's go on to... 

Leyla: Yeah, people with, like, dyslexia, I wonder, and... 

Yara: Yeah!

Leyla: ...reading Farsi. [00:05:00] Okay, next part. 

Razieh: Bebakhsheed, man... deegé fardā-rā fekr nakonam betoonam beeyām. 

Leyla: Okay, let's just go over that one sentence. There's a lot going on there. 

Yara: So, yeah, 'sorry'. "Man deegé," now we're going to see this repeat itself, "deegé... Man deegé fardā-rā fekr nakonam betoonam beeyām." I mean, take it away with deegé here! How do we, you know? Once again, it, it strikes back! 

Leyla: So yeah, we learned this; again, like we said, these lessons are cumulative. We learned this one last time. So deegé is one of those filler words that has a lot of different meanings in different contexts. Here, "man deegé..." 'anymore'. It's like 'anymore'. "Deegé fardā-rā fekr nakonam betoonam beeyām," so 'anymore', 'any longer'. 'I don't think I can come here tomorrow any longer', so deegé takes that, like, 'any longer'. 

Yara: Just that added, you know, I can't, I use the word "sass" to describe this? I don't know. Is that an appropriate word? I don't know. It [00:06:00] seems like "man deegé nemidoonam," "man deegé nemitoonam," "man deegé fardā"... it's a little bit of like 'eh! You know,' like, 'I can't!' 

Leyla: Maybe or I mean There's also the idea of, in, in Farsi, there's so much like the tārof, the dancing around things, instead of getting to the point. "Man fardā nemeeyām." Like, she could just say, 'I can't come tomorrow. I'm not coming tomorrow', but she's adding all these little fillers: "Man deegé fardā-rā fekr nakonam," 'I don't think anymore, I can come tomorrow.' So she's dancing around it rather than just like... 

Yara: It's a little dilly-dallying, yeah. 

Leyla: She's talking about a hard subject, and she's talking to a guy that is just so stubborn. So yeah, what are her options here? It's not sass, she's just kind of being like...

Yara: Mm, and he's intimidating! 

Leyla: "Oh, look, I'm trying to tell you something!" Yeah, it's super intimidating! 

Yara: Yeah, he's intimidating. So she's kind of, you're right. She's kind of trying to waver, you know, trying to be polite and like, 'I don't,' yeah. Perfect. That's really well said. I, I like that. Okay.

Leyla: Right. [00:07:00] 

Nader: Gofteen ké, magé nagofteen meeyām har rooz...? 

Razieh: Man goftam har rooz meeyām valee rāham khayli dooré. Deegé nemeetoonam beeyām. 

Nader: Khānoom, man deerooz roo hesābé harfé shomā yekee-rō rad kardam raft. 

Yara: Okay, so, "Gofteen ké, magé nagofteen meeyām har rooz...?" Magé, so magar here becomes magé. 'Didn't you say you were going to come every day?' 

Leyla: Yeah, magé nagofteen, 'didn't you say'. Yeah, magé is another word that's hard to, hard to translate, we just have to hear. Magé: 'isn't it true that...?', 'Wasn't it the case that...?' Magé. It means 'wasn't it the case that...?' "Magé nagofteen...?" 'Wasn't it the case that you said...?' "meeyām har rooz," 'I'll come every'... Yeah.

Yara: And then she responds with "man goftam har rooz," 'I said, every day', "har rooz meeyām," 'I'll come every day. I said I'll come every day,' "valee rāham khayli dooré. Deegé nemeetoonam beeyām." So she's like 'I said I'd come every [00:08:00] day, but my, my, my path or my commute, essentially, is far, and I just, I' deegé. Again, once again, like, Leyla, like you were saying, like you're saying deegé, it's a kind of dilly-dally and politely say something uncomfortable. "Deegé nemeetoonam." 'I just, I just can't.' Here, it's kind of like 'just'. Deegé becomes kinda like 'I just, I can't come.' 

Leyla: Right. And talking about the, like, socioeconomic things of this movie and the context, she is coming from the south of Iran. These are people that live either in central Tehran or at the north. The commutes are very long. She's coming from a poorer area of the city. Yes, and it's gonna take her a long time to get there. 

Yara: And so then I think he responds, he speaks very quickly, "Khānoom, man deerooz roo hesāb, man deerooz roo hesābé harfé shomā yekee-ro rad kardam raft." So 'ma'am, me, I yesterday, on the account of what you [00:09:00] said, on the basis of what you said,' "yekee-ro rad kardam raft." So, 'I passed on someone, and they left.' Like, in other words, yeah, so this is like a double verb situation. 

Leyla: And hesābé harf, you said 'on the account.' It is... hesāb means like 'accounting', like it could mean like economic accounting. So, literally, he's saying 'on the account of your word', I' rad kardam, 'I passed on someone else.' And that's all we listened to, so let's listen to the next part. 

Nader: Man... Chahāré ba'd az zohré! Man fardā chejooree yekee deegé-ro peydā konam...? 

Razieh: Bekhodā sangeené barām. Bekhodā sangeené. 

Leyla: Okay! That's really good too. 

Yara: So, yeah, "man," you know, he's kind of, like, pausing. "Chahāré ba'd az zohré!" 'It's 4:00 PM in the afternoon!' "Man fardā yekee deegé-ro che..." bebakhseed, "man fardā chejooree yekee deegé-ro peydā konam?" So, 'how am I going to find someone,' yekee deegé, 'another person,' you know, 'by [00:10:00] tomorrow?' And then she responds with, you know... take it away, Leyla. 

Leyla: "Bekhodā sangeené barām." 'By God', and, and, you know, in, in Farsi, this is very important to know. We have a lot of these religious phrases, just like in, in English, we say like "my God, what have I done?" you know? It's just, God comes up a lot. It's sprinkled in throughout the, the language, so bekhodā, 'by God'. So it's not necessarily a religious thing; it's just a phrase that people use. "Bekhodā sangeené barām." Sangeené means 'it's heavy for me'. "Sangeené barām." 'It's too much'. "Sangeené barām." 

Yara: And another thing... 

Leyla: "Bekhodā sangeené." 

Yara: Another thing to note also, just for what you said, it, like, she, you know, I, I, I assume folks know this, but barāyam becomes... you know, barāyé man, the contracted form just becomes barām, you know. Barāt, you know, it would be 'for you', you know. Barash, you know, 'for him', 'for her', 'for them'. So yeah, that's, that's kind of, you know, what the [00:11:00] "sangeené barām" is, is that, and then...

Leyla: "Nemeetoonam, vāgh'an nemeekesham." Vāghe'an is a really good, really good phrase to know when you're speaking. And you could drag it out, like I just said, "vāāāghe'an!" like, 'reeeally!', but then she kind of says it quickly: "vāgh'an," 'really, it's too much'. Nemeekesham, 'I can't, I just can't'.

Yara: Yeah, "nemeekesham," 'I can't', yeah. Mesé, I, "davām ākharé nemeekesham." Yeah, "nemeekesham" is something that's difficult, right, yeah. It's 'I can't', but it's like, you, you, you wouldn't say it for like, ' I can't swim.' You would say it for when something's... 

Leyla: 'I can't pull myself to do it. It's just like...' 

Yara: 'Tiring. It's too much.' 

Leyla: 'It's just stuck.' 

Yara: And then "Sangeené, kāretoon... Sangeené, kāretoon zeeyādé khayli." So this is just, I figured I'd highlight "zeeyādé khayli" to say, you know, so she's saying it again, "Sangeené, kāretoon," 'your work is heavy. It's tough.' And then instead of saying [00:12:00] "sangeen"... "khayli zeeyādé," which is kind of normally how we might say, we put 'it's very, a lot', she says "zeeyādé khayli." 

So this just kind of talks about the interchangeability of words in Persian when we're speaking. You know, in the previous one we had "zangé een bālāyee." You throw the "een" in there, and even though, you know, it might be, make more sense to just say, you know, "zang... zangé bālāyee." Here, it's kinda like "zeeyādé," and then he'll throw a "khayli," she'll throw the "khayli" at the end. "Zeeyādé... khayli. Zeeyādé khayli!" you know. 

Leyla: Right, which we haven't heard yet. Let's listen to that. 

Razieh: Nemeetoonam, vāgh'an nemeekesham. Sangeené, kāretoon zeeyādé khayli. 

Nader: Khob... lotf koneed tashreef beeyāreen hālā eenjā. 

Simin: Somayé, maghna't koo? 

Leyla: Okay, so he says kind of just an aside. He said, "Khob, lotfan... koneed tashreef beeyāreen eenjā, hālā eenjā," okay. So let's talk about that, the verb endings there and what he's saying there.

Yara: Exactly. So "khob, [00:13:00] lotf koneed tashreef beeyāreen hālā eenjā." So this part I thought was very interesting because it's, it's a double verb situation, so it's "lotf koneed tashreef beeyāreen." So it's two things, right? It's, it's extra formal. These are two formal phrases that really what he wants to say is... 'come here!'. "Beeyā eenjā!" Like, that would be the simplest way to say that. But again, because we have this formality that he's trying, in Persian culture, for people who don't know each other, he says, "Lotf koneed," so 'do me a favor', right? Or, you know, something like that, and we'll see this in another form later. "Lotf koneed," and then once again, another form, "tashreef," 'please', you know, 'grace your presence'. 

Leyla: Which, which we had in the last one, remember, when she was telling the guy to come up the stairs? "Tashreef beeyāreed," 'come upstairs'. So then this too, "Tashreef beeyāreen." 

Yara: So, "lotf koneed." So here, even he could have said, "Tashreef beeyāreed hālā eenjā." 'Come here now.' He adds a "lotf [00:14:00] koneed" to that, so 'please do me a dear favor, and please grace your presence by coming here now'. Like it's double formal, so really good phrases to learn. 

Actually, I will say in Tehran, you know, "lotf koneed" is very, it's a very common way to kind of very formally say and ask for things. So like even at a restaurant, for example, if, if, you know, I were asking the waiter to bring me something, I'd say, "Lotf koneed yé kokā barām beeyāreed." "Lotf koneed," 'please do me a favor'. It's nice, you know? I sound, 'do me a favor' in English doesn't really fully translate, but 'please do me a kind thing, and please bring me a Coca-Cola.' 

Leyla: Right, right. Okay. And then, we had this... "Somayé, maghna't kood," "koo!" "Somayé, maghna't koo?", and Somayé is her daughter, so she's saying... and "maghna'yé" is that formal hijab that people wear. So again, these are people from the south, like that kind of shows that they're [00:15:00] either, she's in school and she has to wear Marnat, or they're... a little more religious! Or they're a little more religious. 

Yara: So, "Somayé, maghna't koo?" and then... 

Leyla: Okay! And then here we go. 

Yeah, let's listen to the next part. 

Razieh: Beeyā eenjāst. 

Simin: Hālā shāyad roozé avvaleté, khasté shodee. 

Razieh: Na... 

Yara: Yeah. So the next thing I figured that'd be interesting, she says, you know, she could have just said "Eenjāst," 'it is here', but she says, "Beeyā eenjāst." And, and, and to my understanding here, it's, the use of beeyā is not, she's not saying 'come here, it's here'. She's saying, she's saying like "beeyā!" like, 'ah! Ah, it's here!' It's kind of like, that's how I understand "beeyā." "Beeyā bābā eenjāst," you know, "beeyā" does not mean like necessarily 'come here'. It's just like, oh, "beeyā eenjāst." 'Ah.' It means 'ah!', one of those injections. 

Leyla: Right, right, right. Okay. 

Yara: And the, and [00:16:00] then we have the next part. 

Leyla: Oh yeah, and then she said, "Hālā shāyad roozé avvaleté, khasté shodee." So, here's another thing, when we talk about the formal and informal talking, so now it's two women talking with one another, and one is of a higher class than the other one. So in this case, she feels comfortable using informal speech with her. 

Yara: Yes, great point! Really great point. You see this, because we've been talking about the formality on the first lesson that we did, and now here it comes up again, with these two women. All of a sudden, they slip into informal, or she does, right?

So, what that means, whether it's a class distinction, whether it's just a degree of familiarity that these two women, right, they're, it's, you know, they probably feel a greater degree of familiarity than this man and this conservative woman who perhaps, you know, in terms of their interactions, so these two women feel comfortable and bright.

So she says, "Khasté shodee," informal conjugation. And then of course it starts with "hālā," you know, "hālā," again, [00:17:00] 'now'... I feel like the sentence could have even started with "deegé." "Deegé shāyad roozé avvaleté, khasté shodee," right? Can you see how "deegé" and "hālā"...? You can even put both of them! "Deegé hālā shāyad chon roozé avvaleté"? Right? Just for students to kind of get the notion of, you could throw these words at the beginning of your sentences!

Leyla: Right, right, right. Yeah. Why, why be succinct when you can use a lot more words than you need? That's the, the theme in Farsi. 

Yara: Classic, yes! 

Leyla: Okay. 

Razieh: Shomā ké eenjā boodeen deegé, chand dagheeghé-rā deedeen ké... 

Simin: Somayé, beeyā keefat-o bardār. 

Leyla: Okay, so that was the infor-, that was back into the formal, so then, yeah, I think it is a class issue too, because the lady of the higher class felt comfortable speaking informal to the, to the lady, and then now she slipped back, or the lower-class lady used formal language. "Shomā ké eenjā boodeen deegé," 'now you were here', "chand dagheeghé-rā deedeen ké..." and, [00:18:00] and you wanted to talk about that "ké" there. 

Yara: Yes. So I want to say, right, so the beginning, very clear, "boodeen deegé," once again, throwing "deegé" for an extra, you know, 'eh? You were here, eh?' And then "chand," so just "dagheeghé" I thought was interesting 'cause just pronunciation-wise, sometimes, you know, it's dagheeghé, but if you're speaking colloquially, you'll say "deyghé," "deygeghé," or "dayeegh-." You know, sometimes the "ghe," the first "ghe" is eaten, "deyghé." "Chand deyghé-ro, chand daygha-ro deedeen ké..." And so "ké," once again, we're seeing "deegé," we're seeing "hālā." Here, you could have also said, "Chand daygha-ro deedeen deegé..." but here she says "ké," again, for emphasis, for like, 'you saw the last few minutes, eh?' I think it's the best way. "Ké" is, is... 

Leyla: 'Eh?' 

Yara: Yeah, that's it. 'Eh'! 

Leyla: 'You saw it, eh?' 

Yara: 'Eh.' 

Leyla: Yeah!

Yara: Right! Ooh! 

Leyla: It's kind of like a, yeah, a Canadian 'eh?'. 

Yara: Yeah, 'eh'?. 'You saw the last few minutes, eh?' Yeah, that's a great, great! You're good at these, like, finding [00:19:00] these analogies!

Leyla: I don't know... 

Yara: But yeah, the "ké"'s for emphasis. It's an 'eh', it's a, you know. And then "Somayé, beeyā keefat-o bardār." So again, here, it's "Somayé, beeyā bardār," 'come, grab'. Again, she could have just said, "Somayé, keefat-o bardār." Yeah, but again, she's, some way of 'come here, grab your purse', and then the whole thing ends. Did we listen to the last line?

Leyla: Not yet! 

Yara: Okay.

Leyla: Here is our exciting part! 

Razieh: Bebakhsheed, agé meeshé, oon shomāra-ram. 

Yara: Yes... 

Leyla: Woo! So let's listen to that one more time. 

Razieh: Bebakhsheed, agé meeshé, oon shomāra-ram. 

Leyla: So, so let's go over that full sentence. So, "Bebakhsheed, agé meeshé," 'excuse me, if it's possible,' "oon shomāra-ram." 

Yara: Yes. 

Leyla: So, now let's spend the rest of the time talking about that one little thing, "shomāra-ram."

Yara: I love this! 

Leyla: Yes. 

Yara: So, Leyla and [00:20:00] I... 

Leyla: This kind of defined the whole project. 

Yara: Yeah, yeah, yeah. Leyla and I talked about this prior to this lesson, and... I love this phrase because it's something that we do, but... For me, when I was watching this clip and picking it out, I was like, oh my God, this is such an interesting thing for a Persian language-learner because it's, it's a lot of complex things happening at once and we do it subconsciously. 

But what's happened here is she says, "Bebakhsheed, agé meeshé." That's pretty self-explanatory. 'Sorry if it's possible', "oon shomāra-ram," which basically is "oon shomāré-rā ham." So "ré-rā ham" all of a sudden becomes "shomāra"... so "shomāré" all of a sudden transforms into "shomāra," and then "-rā ham" becomes "-ram." 

So it's a very interesting, "oon shomāra-ram," and she doesn't actually finish the sentence with a verb, because Persian, right, we end with verbs. She doesn't say, "Oon shomāra-ram bedé." She doesn't say, 'give it to me'. She just ends it with, 'oh, and that, that number...' and it [00:21:00] kind of ends there. But again, the key thing here is the contraction. 

Leyla: Hold on, sorry! Effi, chee shod?! I think she poked herself with the... with a thing. Chee shod?! Chee shod, Effie?! Gom shodee? Beeyā, beeyā bebeen, beeyā, chee shod? Chee shod? Beeyā... Oh! Haha! Oh, poor little girl! Chee shod? Beeyā! 

Yara: Oh, ohh... Oh! Trying to amuse her! 

Leyla: Yeah, there we go. Oh, no no no no! Chee shod? Chee shod, khoshboo? Chee shod deegé? Beeyā, een-o bebeen! Chee shodé? We're almost done with this lesson! Okay. 

Yara: I love it. 

Leyla: So back to shomāra-ram. 

Yara: Yeah, yeah. So back to shomāra-ram, yeah! So just trying to explain how we [00:22:00] can do this, right? A couple of phrases, right? I mean, if you can think of a phrase, "oon leevāna-ram beeyār," right? 'Bring that cup', uh-oh! 

Leyla: Hey... hey, hey, hey! Chee shodé, chee shodé? Negāh kon... Heechee nashod deegé? 

Yara: Okay... 

Leyla: So, "leevāna-ram." 

Yara: Yeah. 

Leyla: So let's, can you break it down first? 

Yara: So we can do another example such as "oon leevāna-ram beeyār." So 'bring that cup as well'. So the oon indicates, oh, this is a specific thing that we've seen or we've talked about or has been mentioned in another context. And then, so that's why "oon," we mentioned "oon," and then, then "leevāné."

So there's something that changes here... lee... from é to a. So here the word, the, the action word here is "shomāré." So "shomāré" is, ends with an é. But when we do this contraction, the é becomes an a. There's a switching that happens. So "shomāré" becomes [00:23:00] "shomāra." And then "rā ham," which we've seen before in the first lesson, "rā ham"... I love it. Hahaha!

Leyla: She really hates this part! This is the most exciting part! This is the most exciting. This is what we were so excited about. 

Yara: She's so cute. Oh my god. 

Leyla: Ahaha! You're not cute. It's okay. It's okay. You're not cute. Nobody said you're cute. Nobody said you're cute. Nooobody said you're cute. You're not cute at all.

Yara: Yeah, so what ends up happening here is we, we convert, so if something ends with an é, é... if something ends with an é, so "shomāré," to create this contraction, we change the é to an a. That's the first step, so "shomāré" becomes "shomāra." [00:24:00] And then "rā ham," which we also saw in the first clip that we did the previous lesson, "rā ham" just becomes "ram." So that's just an easy, it's always ram. It's never rem, it's never rom, it's just ram. So, all together, we change, we go "shomāré-rā ham" becomes "shomāra," and then "ram": "shomāra-ram," also the number. Yeah, so that's kind of the trick. 

Leyla: One other thing that I think we have to point out, so can you explain the "rā" in general? Like "shomāré-rā." When would you use "shomāré-rā" versus just "shomāré"? 

Yara: Ah, okay, so basically, the "rā" is a direct object identifier, boring grammar word, but basically, the thing that's receiving your action, right? "Āb-rā bokhor," right? So 'drink', 'the water' is being drunk. So you would have to put a "rā" after it to indicate it's about to have an action performed. What's the action, what's the action, what's the action?? It's drinking! You know? 

So here, what she wants to really say is "shomāra-rā [00:25:00] ham bedé." There is a verb, right? The "shomāré" is going to be given. The number is going to be given, but she doesn't say "bedé." This is super colloquial, so she doesn't end the sentence, but because these two women have perhaps talked about a number being exchanged in the previous scene, which is not, we have not shown, it's clear they've talked about a number being given. So she just doesn't say the verb, but the correct, of course, the full correct sentence would be "shomāra-ram bedé." 

So, "rā." So in terms of why you would use, is there a way to say this? Like, 'give me the number' without "rā." "Oon shomāré..." No, no, you would have to say, you still need the "rā" because you're asking for something to be given to you. You need, you're ask- there is a verb attached to this action, even though it's an incomplete thought.

It's communicating complete thought that involves a verb, 'giving', 'giving the number', 'give'. She's saying 'give me the number. Give me that number that we talked about.' But she just says 'oh!' It's kind of like, in English, saying 'oh, right, and that number!' But in Persian, we have to have the "rā" because she's thinking about an action [00:26:00] that's being done to that number.

Leyla: Got it. Got it. Well, wonderful! Okay, so that was, we'll have more examples of that when we do the follow-up lesson for this. But for now, let's listen to the entire clip, and now hopefully with a better understanding of what's going on. 

Nader: Khānom, een sheeré okseezhenesh-o nabasté boodeenā seft. 

Razieh: Sob bastam, hatman khoodeshoon bā kardan. 

Nader: Yé kam seft-tar bebandeen az fardā lotfan ké... natooné bāz koné.

Razieh: Bebakhsheed, man... deegé fardā-rā fekr nakonam betoonam beeyām. 

Nader: Gofteen ké, magé nagofteen meeyām har rooz...? 

Razieh: Man goftam har rooz meeyām valee rāham khayli dooré. Deegé nemeetoonam beeyām. 

Nader: Khānom, man deerooz roo hesābé harfé shomā yekee-ro rad kardam raft. Man... Chahāré ba'd az zohré! Man fardā chejooree yekee deegé-ro peydā konam...? 

Razieh: Bekhodā sangeené barām. Bekhodā sangeené. Nemeetoonam, vāgh'an nemeekesham. Sangeené, kāretoon zeeyādé khayli. 

Nader: Khob... lotf koneed tashreef beeyāreen hālā eenjā. 

Somayé, maghna't koo? Beeyā eenjāst. 

Simin: Hālā shāyad roozé [00:27:00] avvaleté, khasté shodee. 

Razieh: Na... Shomā ké eenjā boodeen deegé, chand dagheeghé-rā deedeen ké... 

Simin: Somayé, beeyā keefat-o bardār. 

Razieh: Bebakhsheed, agé meeshé, oon shomāra-ram. 

Yara: As, as a kind of a recap, just the things that we went through, some things I wanna point out here in terms of spoken. We went through -ā, like "boodeenā!" "Nakhoreeyā!" You know, something -ā added emphasis to kind of almost sometimes shame or, or really draw attention to something. 

Another big thing is the double verb, sort of super polite, "lotf koneed" and then "tashreef beeyāreed." So "lotf koneed," you can definitely add it to the beginning of things where you want to be super polite. Just make sure to add your verb after it. 

And then "hālā," "ké," and "deegé," these are verbs and interjections that just come all throughout the sentences, a lot of the time at the top. You can put them at the end. "Deegé" can come at the end for, you know, emphasis. 

Yeah, and I think, I think those are, so, and then lastly, of course, our big construction, "shomāraram," [00:28:00] that's... "leevānaram," "dokhtararam," "pesararam," so...

Leyla: Alright, and so we're going to have a subsequent lesson where I'm going to be going over each of these words and phrases that we've learned individually, so we'll learn them even better. And you can come back to this, listen to the full clip, and it'll all be clear for you. So, Yara, thank you so much for this lesson, and until the next one! 

Yara: Yeah, thanks for having me; it's such a delight!