Subjunctive To Have and To Be

Leyla: Hello and welcome to lesson 44 of Learn Persian with Chai and Conversation. We’re so glad to have you with us!

Matt: We’re continuing on with our power series, learning a good bit of grammar and vocabulary words to help fill in our vocabulary, and we’re going to continue to do so in this lesson. So Lesson 21 and Lesson 22 of Chai and Conversation were devoted entirely to the verbs to be and to have respectively. These are both very important verbs in the language, and they both happen to have special subjunctives stems, so we are going to devote  this entire lesson to the subjunctive forms of to be and  to have. Thankfully, they’re both related, so that makes  it a bit easier. Matt, what is the infinite of to be.

Matt: Budan

Leyla: Exactly, budan. So the subjunctive stem of budan is ‘bash’

Matt: bash

Leyla: What is the infinitive form of to have?

Matt: dāshtan

Leyla: Exactly dāshtan. So the subjunctive stem of to have is dashteh bash

Matt: dashteh bash

Leyla: so bash and dashteh bash. So let’s hear these in example to start with. I can be happy. Man meetoonam khoshhāl bāsham

Matt: Man meetoonam  khoshhāl bāsham

Leyla: So, as we’ve been covering in the past two lessons, meetoonam is I can. Man meetoonam khoshhāl bāsham

Matt: Man meetoonam  khoshhāl bāsham

Leyla: In all the other cases we learned, the subjunctive stems of the second verbs were be. In this exception, is bāsh. Man meetoonam  khoshhāl bāsham

Matt: Man meetonam  khoshhāl bāsham

Leyla: So I want to be happy is man meekhām khoshhāl bāsham

Matt: Man meekhām  khoshhāl bāsham.

Leyla: So this is a good example to use to go through the conjugations of this verb. So one more time, I want to be happy, meekhām  khoshhāl bāsham

Matt: meekhām  khoshhāl bāsham

Leyla: you want to be happy informal, meekhay khoshhāl bashee

Matt: meekhay  khoshhāl bashee

Leyla: He or she wants to be happy, meekhad khoshhāl basheh meekhad  Matt: khoshhāl basheh

Leyla: We want to be happy, meekhaym khoshhāl basheem meekhaym  Matt: khoshhāl basheem

Leyla: You want to be happy, formal meekhayn  khoshhāl basheen

Matt: They want to be happy, meekhan khoshhāl bāshan

Leyla: Ok, great, so now we can move on to other sentences. How about I want to be in Italy. Man meekhām dar Italia bāsham

Matt: man meekhām dar italia  bāsham

Leyla: Let’s make this sentence a little bit more complex by saying I want to be in Italy with you. Listen carefully with the word sentence man meekhām ba to dar Italia  bāsham

Matt: man meekhām ba to dar italia  bāsham

Leyla: How about, we want to be happy. Ma meekhaym khoshhāl basheem

Matt: ma meekhaym khoshhāl  basheem

Leyla: Great. Now let’s move on to the subjunctive form of to have. So again, the subjunctive form of to have is dashte bāsh

Matt: dashteh bash

Leyla: This is quite different, because it splits the word from one word to two. Dashteh  bash

Matt: dashteh bash

Leyla: So let’s say I want to have a car. Meekham māsheen dashteh bāsham

Matt: meekhām māsheen dashteh  bāsham

Leyla: So that’s quite different. So how about if you want to ask ‘can I have a car?’ ‘meetoonam māsheen dashteh bāsham?

Matt: Meetoonam  māsheen  dashteh bāsham?

Leyla: Exactly. So let’s go over the conjugations of this verb with the concept of wanting to have a car. First, the sentence I want to have a car. Meekham māsheen dashteh bāsham

Matt: meekhām māsheen dashteh  bāsham

Leyla: You want to have a car, informal. Meekhay māsheen dashteh bashee

Matt: meekhay māsheen dashteh  bashee

Leyla: He or she wants to have a car, meekhad māsheen dashteh basheh

Matt: meekhad māsheen dashteh  basheh

Leyla: We want to have a car, meekhaym māsheen dashteh basheem

Matt: meekhaym  māsheen  dashteh basheem

Leyla: You want to have a car, formal, meekhayn māsheen dashteh basheen

Matt: meekhayn  māsheen  dashteh basheen

Leyla: They want to have a car, meekhan māsheen dashteh bāshan

Matt: meekhan māsheen dashteh  bāshan

Leyla: Great! We also learned quite a few special verbs in the last lesson, and one of them was must. Do you remember what must is in Persian Matt?

Matt: bāyad

Leyla: Exactly. So how would you say ‘I have to have a car?

Matt: bāyad māsheen dashteh  bāsham

Leyla: exactly. bāyad māsheen dashteh  bāsham Ok great, I think we get the hang of these two forms. Let’s learn a few more examples of sentences that use these verbs to test our knowledge. So here’s a good question for any language-­‐ can I have your phone number? So first, the word for phone number is shomareh telephone

Matt: shomareh telephone

Leyla: So your phone number is, of course, shomareh telephonet

Matt: shomareh telephonet

Leyla: So can I have your phone number: meetoonam shomareh  telephoneto  dashteh bāsham?

Matt: meetoonam shomareh telephoneto dashteh bāsham

Leyla: Great! Now can you figure out how to say ‘you can have my  phone number?’

Matt: meetoonee shomareh telephonamo dashteh bashee

Leyla: Exactly. How about if we want to make this a bit more polite and say ‘may I have your phone number?” the word for may is  momken-é.

Matt: momken-é shomareh telephoneto dashthe bāsham? Exactly!

Leyla: Ok great. Now let’s see if we can learn the negative   forms of these two subjunctive verbs. First, we learned ‘I want to be happy, do you remember what that is Matt?

Matt: Meekham  khoshhāl bāsham

Leyla: Right. So now let’s learn I don’t want to be angry. That would  be nemeekham  asabānee bāsham

Matt: nemeekham  asabānee bāsham

Leyla: Great. So the negative gets added to the first verb. So now let’s learn you can not be late. Late is deer.

Matt: deer

Leyla: So nemeetoonee deer bashee nemeetoonee  deer bashee. So you can not be late.

Matt: Nemeetoonee deer bashee nemeetoonee  deer bashee

Leyla: So now let’s try the negative of to have. An example of this would be he might not have a car. momken-é māsheen  nadashteh basheh

Matt: momken-é  māsheen  nadashteh basheh

Leyla: Or the word cover charge in Persian is voroodee

Matt: voroodee

Leyla: So shāyad voroodee nadashteh basheh. What does this mean Matt?

Matt: It means maybe it doesn’t have a cover charge.

Leyla: Exactly, so maybe it’s free. shāyad voroodee nadashteh basheh

Matt: shāyad voroodee nadashteh  basheh.

Leyla: Great! Let’s go over a few more examples for practive. How would you say I can be  here.

Matt: Meetoonam  eenjā bāsham

Leyla: Exactly. How about we could be there. meetooneem oonjā basheem Matt: meetooneem  oonjā basheem.

Leyla: How about we make it slightly more complicated with, we could be there tomorrow. Meetooneem fardā oonjā basheem

Matt: meetooneem  fardā oonjā basheem

Leyla: To make it slightly even more detailed you could say ‘meetooneem fardā sobhé zood oonjā basheem’. So sobhé zood means early in the morning. sobhé zood

Matt: sobhé zood

Leyla: So what does the full sentence mean Matt? Meetooneem fardā sobhé zood oonjā basheem

Matt: We could be there early tomorrow morning

Leyla: Exactly. Meetooneem fardā sobhé zood oonjā basheem Meetooneem  Matt: fardā  sobhé zood oonjā basheem.

Leyla: Ok great, so we’ve gone over two very important verbs   in their subjuctive forms here, dāshtan and boodan. And with that, we’ll wrap up this  lesson!

Matt: Thanks so much for joining  us!

Leyla: We’d like to take a moment this lesson to say that if you enjoy Chai and Conversation, we’d really appreciate it if you could take a moment to leave us an honest review   in iTunes

Matt: It really goes a long way in spreading the word of the podcast. Also, check out our new webpage at www.chaiandconversation, with chai spelled CHAI, and see all the new content we have to offer there.

Leyla: And until next time, khodāhāfez from Leyla and

Matt: beh omeedeh deedār from  Matt!